Article by Diana Ribeiro - Lawyer at International Atlantic Services

Portugal’s healthcare system is divided between the public sector, represented by the Serviço Nacional de Saúde (SNS), and the private sector. The SNS ensures universal and affordable medical care, while the private system offers faster and more flexible services, usually requiring out-of-pocket payment or private insurance.

Public vs. Private Healthcare

• Public System (SNS): State-funded, with low user fees (often waived for children, pregnant women, chronic patients, etc.). It provides comprehensive primary and hospital care. While anyone can access public healthcare services, to benefit from the reduced user fees available to nationals and legal residents, it is necessary to obtain an SNS Health Number (Número de Utente).
   
• Private Sector: Offers faster access, more flexibility in choosing doctors, and personalized care. However, it comes at a higher financial cost, typically through direct payments or private health insurance.

New Simplified Identification Service for Migrants

In March 2025, a new integrated service was launched to simplify access to essential identification numbers required for healthcare, employment, and social security. This service is especially relevant for migrants who have legal status or are in the process of regularization (e.g., those who have submitted an application to AIMA, Portugal’s immigration authority).

Foreign nationals can now apply for the following in a single in-person appointment:

• Tax Identification Number (NIF)
• Social Security Number (NISS)
• SNS Health Number (Número de Utente)

This service is currently available at 10 Citizen Shops (Espaços Cidadão) and is accessible to:

• Foreign nationals who have applied for or obtained a residence permit
• Citizens of EU countries
• Applicants for international protection (asylum, subsidiary protection), including beneficiaries of those statuses

When applying for an SNS Health Number, it is important to provide proof of address in Portugal (e.g., a tenancy agreement or a residence certificate issued by the local parish council).

The new centralized service for obtaining identification numbers marks a positive step toward administrative inclusion. It helps reduce barriers for newcomers and promotes faster integration into Portugal’s healthcare and social protection systems.

For any questions, please contact your lawyer or our support team directly.